Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the general features of the skull as a whole.

2. identify the different foramina of the skull and structures passing through each.

3. know the special features of the fetal skull and differences between it and the adult skull.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     General feature of the articulated skull bones (cranium, vault, base, face and mandible).

v     Different normae of the skull and features of each one (verticalis, frontalis, occipitalis, lateralis, basalis externa and basalis interna).

v     General idea about separate bones forming the skull and mandible (single and paired).

v     Different foramina of the skull and the regions they communicate, and the structures passing through each foramen.

v     Special features of the fetal skull regarding the shape, the size, the components and the differences between fetal and adult skulls.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the general features of the skull as a whole.

2. identify the different foramina of the skull and structures passing through each.

3. know the special features of the fetal skull and differences between it and the adult skull.

 

Detailed Contents:

v     General feature of the articulated skull bones (cranium, vault, base, face and mandible).

v     Different normae of the skull and features of each one (verticalis, frontalis, occipitalis, lateralis, basalis externa and basalis interna).

v     General idea about separate bones forming the skull and mandible (single and paired).

v     Different foramina of the skull and the regions they communicate, and the structures passing through each foramen.

v     Special features of the fetal skull regarding the shape, the size, the components and the differences between fetal and adult skulls.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. describe the boundaries and layers of the scalp and face.

2. know the muscles of the scalp and face.

3. describe the nerve and blood supply and lymph drainage of the scalp and face.

4. know some of the important clinical points of scalp and face.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     The scalp and temple (its extension, layers, muscles, sensory and motor nerves, arterial supply, venous drainage, lymphatic drainage, clinical points as wounds and bleeding, scalping, emissary veins and spread of infection).

v     The face (its extension, layers, muscles of facial expression, sensory and motor nerves, arterial supply, venous drainage, lymphatic drainage, clinical points as facial nerve palsy, trigeminal neuralgia and spread of infection).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck.

2. describe the contents of the posterior triangle of the neck.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck (anterior, posterior, base, roof and floor)

v     Contents of the posterior triangle (muscles, arteries, veins, nerves and fascia)

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Know the different fascial coverings of the head and neck.

2.  Trace the attachment of the fascia of the neck.

3.  Recognize the different fascial compartments of the head and neck and their contents.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia (extension, attachment, compartment, contents and clinical points).

v     Pretracheal fascia (extension, attachment, compartment, contents and clinical points).

v     Prevertebral fascia (extension, attachment, compartment, contents and clinical points).

v     Carotid sheath (extension, attachment, compartment, contents and clinical points).

v     Buco-pharyngeal and pharyngo-basilar membranes (extension, attachment, compartment, contents and clinical points).

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Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck.

2. describe the divisions of the anterior triangle.

3. mention the contents of the deferent triangles.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck (anterior, posterior, base, roof and floor)

v     Boundaries of the subdivisions of the anterior triangle (digastric, submental, carotid and muscular triangles).

v     Contents of the subdivisions of the anterior triangle (muscles, arteries, veins, nerves and fascia)

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. describe the different dural fold and their attachment.

2. know the different dural venous sinuses.

3. know the position, relation and blood supply of the pituitary gland.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Shape, attachment, function and contents of the different dural folds (falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, diaphragma sellae and cavum triageminale.

v     Single and paired intracranial dural venous sinuses with their blood circulation and clinical importance.

v     Position, relation, lobulation, blood supply and portal circulation of the pituitary gland.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  know the position and relations of the trachea.

2.  know the position and relations of the esophagus

3. know the position, structure and relation of the thyroid gland.

4. describe the blood supply and lymph drainage of the thyroid gland.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Position, beginning, end, course and relations of the trachea.

v     Blood supply and lymph drainage of the trachea.

v     Position, beginning, end, course and relations of the esophagus.

v     Blood supply and lymph drainage of the esophagus.

v     Important clinical points of the trachea and esophagus.

v     Shape, position, structure, relations of the thyroid gland.

v     Arterial supply, venous and lymphatic drainage of the thyroid gland.

v     Clinical importance of the gland (goiter, thyroidectomy and its complication, cancer thyroid and its metastasis).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the different nerves of the neck.

2. know the different arteries of the neck.

3. know the different veins of the neck.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Origin, course, relation, branches and distribution of the nerves of the neck (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory hypoglossal & phrenic nerves), cervical and brachial plexuses, cervical sympathetic chain.

v     Beginning, course, relation, branches and distribution of the arteries of the neck (subclavian, common carotid, external and internal carotid arteries).

v     Formation, course, relation and tributaries of the veins of the neck (subclavian and internal jugular veins).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the different nerves of the neck.

2. know the different arteries of the neck.

3. know the different veins of the neck.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Origin, course, relation, branches and distribution of the nerves of the neck (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory hypoglossal & phrenic nerves), cervical and brachial plexuses, cervical sympathetic chain.

v     Beginning, course, relation, branches and distribution of the arteries of the neck (subclavian, common carotid, external and internal carotid arteries).

v     Formation, course, relation and tributaries of the veins of the neck (subclavian and internal jugular veins).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the bony orbit.

2. describe the different contents of the orbit.

3. know the different parts of the lacrimal apparatus.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Anatomy of lacrimal apparatus (lacrimal gland: position, blood and nerve supply; lacrimal canaliculi, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct).

v     Boundaries of the bony orbit (orbital aperture, walls of the orbit, foramina and fissures related to the orbit)

v     Orbital muscles: recti, oblique and levator palpebrae superioris.

v     Orbital nerves: Optic, oculomotor, trochlear, abducent, ophthalmic and maxillary nerves, and ciliary ganglion.

v     Orbital blood vessels: ophthalmic artery and veins.

v     Orbital fasciae and ligaments.

v     Movements of the eye-ball and its clinical points.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the bony orbit.

2. describe the different contents of the orbit.

3. know the different parts of the lacrimal apparatus.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Anatomy of lacrimal apparatus (lacrimal gland: position, blood and nerve supply; lacrimal canaliculi, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct).

v     Boundaries of the bony orbit (orbital aperture, walls of the orbit, foramina and fissures related to the orbit)

v     Orbital muscles: recti, oblique and levator palpebrae superioris.

v     Orbital nerves: Optic, oculomotor, trochlear, abducent, ophthalmic and maxillary nerves, and ciliary ganglion.

v     Orbital blood vessels: ophthalmic artery and veins.

v     Orbital fasciae and ligaments.

v     Movements of the eye-ball and its clinical points.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the anatomical features of the parotid gland.

2. know the structures within the parotid gland.

3. describe the parotid duct.

4.  know the boundaries and contents of the temporal fossa.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Parotid gland (shape, position, parts, relations, structures the pass within it, blood and nerve supply)

v     Parotid duct (position, surface anatomy and course).

v     Temporal fossa (temporalis muscle, temporal fascia, superficial and deep temporal vessels, deep temporal and auriculotemporal nerves)

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the Infratemporal region.

2. describe the contents of the Infratemporal region.

3. describe the muscles of mastication.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid) and movement of the mandible.

v     Boundaries and connection of the infratemporal fossa.

v     Contents of the infratemporal fossa (muscles of mastication, mandibular nerve, otic ganglion, chorda tympani, maxillary vessels, pterygoid venous plexus.

v     Pterygopalatine fossa (boundaries, connections and contents).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the Infratemporal region.

2. describe the contents of the Infratemporal region.

3. describe the muscles of mastication.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid) and movement of the mandible.

v     Boundaries and connection of the infratemporal fossa.

v     Contents of the infratemporal fossa (muscles of mastication, mandibular nerve, otic ganglion, chorda tympani, maxillary vessels, pterygoid venous plexus.

v     Pterygopalatine fossa (boundaries, connections and contents).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the submandibular region.

2. describe the submandibular salivary gland.

3. describe the sublingual salivary gland.

4.  know the muscle present in the submandibular region.

5.  know the arteries and nerves present in the submandibular region.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Boundaries of the submandibular region.

v     muscles of the submandibular region (digastric, mylohyoid, hyoglossus, Geniohyoid, genioglossus and styloglossus.

v     Nerves of the submandibular region (lingual, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal).

v     Submandibular ganglion.

v     Vessels of the submandibular region (facial and lingual).

v     Submandibular lymph nodes.

v     Submandibular gland (shape, position, lobes, relations, duct, blood & nerve supply, lymph drainage and clinical points).

v     Sublingual gland (shape, position, lobes, relations, ducts, blood & nerve supply, lymph drainage and clinical points).

 Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the boundaries of the submandibular region.

2. describe the submandibular salivary gland.

3. describe the sublingual salivary gland.

4.  know the muscle present in the submandibular region.

5.  know the arteries and nerves present in the submandibular region.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Boundaries of the submandibular region.

v     muscles of the submandibular region (digastric, mylohyoid, hyoglossus, Geniohyoid, genioglossus and styloglossus.

v     Nerves of the submandibular region (lingual, glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal).

v     Submandibular ganglion.

v     Vessels of the submandibular region (facial and lingual).

v     Submandibular lymph nodes.

v     Submandibular gland (shape, position, lobes, relations, duct, blood & nerve supply, lymph drainage and clinical points).

v     Sublingual gland (shape, position, lobes, relations, ducts, blood & nerve supply, lymph drainage and clinical points).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Identify the boundaries of the oral cavity.

2.  Know the components of the oral cavity (vestibule and mouth cavity proper).

3.  Describe the teeth (deciduous and permanent).

4.  Understand the nerve supply and blood supply of the oral cavity.

5.  Identify the anatomical features of the tongue.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Oral cavity (boundaries, components, contents, nerve and blood supply).

v     Tongue (site, position, shape).

v     Muscles of the tongue (extrinsic and intrinsic), their attachment, nerve supply and actions.

v     Nerve supply of the mucosa of the tongue (general sensation and taste sensation).

v     Lymph drainage of the tongue and some important clinical points.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Know the anatomical details of the pharynx.

2.  Describe the blood supply and nerve supply of the pharynx.

3.  Understand the phases and mechanisms of swallowing.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Pharynx (position, shape, parts, and extension).

v     Nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx (extension, relations and special features).

v     Wall of the pharynx (mucosa, muscles: constrictors and longitudinal).

v     Nerve supply of the pharynx (sensor and motor, pharyngeal plexus).

v     Blood supply of the pharynx (pharyngeal plexus of veins and its communications).

v     Some important clinical points of the pharynx.

v     Stages and mechanism of swallowing.

 Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Know the skeleton of the hard palate.

2.  Describe the anatomical features of the soft and hard palates.

3.  Recognize the muscles that move the soft palate.

4.  Describe the blood supply and nerve supply of the hard and soft palates.

5.  Know the important clinical points of the palate.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Bones of the hard palate.

v     Attachment of the soft palate.

v     Muscle of the soft palate (tensor palati, levator palati, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, musculi uvulae): their attachment, nerve supply and actions.

v     Mucosa of the palate and its nerve supply.

v     Lymph drainage of the palate.

v     Role of the palate in sound production and swallowing.

v     Important clinical points regarding the palate.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Identify the skeleton of the nasal cavity.

2.  Recognize the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and its parts.

3.  Understand the nerve supply and blood supply of the mucosa of the nasal cavity.

4.  Know the important clinical points of the nasal cavity.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Bony skeleton of the nasal cavity (lateral wall, nasal septum, roof and floor).

v     Mucosal covering of the nasal cavity.

v     Conchae and meatuses of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.

v     Para-nasal sinuses (position, shape, openings and nerve supply).

v     Nerve and blood supply of the nasal cavity.

v     Clinical points of the nasal cavity (deviated nasal septum, epistaxis).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Know the anatomical features of the larynx.

2.  Describe the mucosa of the larynx and its nerve and blood supply.

3.  Identify the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the larynx.

4.  Understand the important clinical points of the larynx.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Laryngeal skeleton (cartilage, ligaments and joints of the larynx).

v     Muscle of the larynx (intrinsic and extrinsic): their attachment, nerve supply and actions.

v     Mucosa of the larynx: Its extension, nerve and blood supply.

v     Sound production and vocal cords movements.

v     Blood and nerve supply of the larynx.

v     Important clinical points (recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, cancer larynx, vocal cord (singer) nodules)

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know the anatomy of external ear.

2. know the boundaries and contents of middle ear.

3.  know the parts of the inner ear.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     External ear.

v     Tympanic membrane.

v     Boundaries and contents of middle ear.

v     Facial canaliculus.

v     Bony and membranous labyrinth.

v     Organ of corti and its function.

v     Blood and nerve supply of the ear.

v     Clinical importance of the ear.

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1. know in details the blood supply of the different regions of the head and neck.

2.  describe the superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck.

3. describe the deep lymph nodes of the head and neck.

  

 Detailed Contents:

v     Common, internal, external carotid, subclavian, vertebral arteries (origin, course, relations, branches and distribution).

v     Internal, external jugular, subclavian veins (origin, course, relations, tributaries and drainage).

v     Superficial and deep lymph nodes (their position, afferent and efferent drainage and clinical importance).

Learning Objectives:

After this lecture, student should be able to:

1.  Know the anatomical details of the trigeminal nerve.

2.  Understand the clinical points of the trigeminal nerve.

3.  Recognize the local anaesthesia of the different branches of the trigeminal nerve.

  

Detailed Contents:

v     Trigeminal nerve (origin, course, relations, branches and distribution).

v     Trigeminal nerve and its branches local analgesia and techniques of injection of the local analgesic drugs.

v     Clinical points of the trigeminal nerve and methods of testing its integrity.