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KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF MEDICINE

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DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY

COURSE PORTFOLIO

SECOND YEAR NURSING

 

GROSS ANATOMY

 

COURSE OUTLINE

 

 

Topic

Academic Hour

Lecture

Practical

Total

1

Introduction, Anatomical terms

1

1

2

2

Basic anatomical structures

1

1

2

3

Skeletal System

3

3

6

4

Articular System

3

2

5

5

Muscular System

4

5

9

6

Cardiovascular System

3

3

6

7

Respiratory System

2

2

4

8

Digestive System

3

3

6

9

Urinary System

1

1

2

10

Male Genital System

1

1

2

11

Female Genital System

1

1

2

12

Lymphatic system

1

1

2

13

Endocrine System

1

1

2

14

Nervous System

4

4

8

15

Special Sense Organs

1

1

2

 

Lecture = 30

Practical = 30

Total Academic Hours = 60

 

 COURSE DETAILS

 

  1.  Introduction to Anatomy, Anatomical terms:

 

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Know the meaning of Anatomy and its divisions.

§         Define Anatomical Terms and Position.

            Lecture

§         Definition of Anatomy.

§         Divisions of Anatomy: Gross Anatomy (Macroscopic Anatomy), Micro Anatomy (Histology), Embryology (Developmental Anatomy), Clinical Anatomy, Surface Anatomy & Radiological Anatomy.

§         Anatomical Terms: Terms of Position, Anatomical Planes & Terms of Movements.

            Practical

§         Anatomical Terms.

 

 

2.  Basic Anatomical Structures:

       Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Have a concept of basic anatomical structures of the body.

            Lecture

§         Fasciae: types & functions.

§         Muscles: types, attachments and different forms of skeletal muscle.

§         Bones: different types & functions.

            Practical

            Demonstrations of the different types of fasciae, muscles and bones.

 

 3. Skeletal System: Axial Skeleton

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Identify the bones of axial skeleton.

Lecture

  • General features of different parts of axial skeleton: skull, sternum, ribs & vertebral column.

Practical

  • General features of different parts of axial skeleton: skull, sternum, ribs & vertebral column.

 

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4.  Skeletal System: Bones of The Upper Limb:

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Identify the bones of the upper limb.

Common sites of fractures.

Lecture

  • General features of different bones of the upper limb

Common sites of fractures.

Practical

  • General features and side of different bones of the upper limb

 

 5. Skeletal System: Bones Of The lower Limb:

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Identify the bones of the lower limb.
  • Common sites of fractures.

Lecture

  • General features of different bones of the lower limb
  • Common sites of fractures.

Practical

  • General features and side of different bones of the lower limb.

 

6. Articular System: Classification of Joints

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Define and know the types of joints in the human body.

     Lecture

  • Definition of joints
  • Major classification of joints and their movements.

Practical

  • Demonstration of different types of joints.

  

7. Articular System: Joints of The Upper Limb:

     Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Identify the main joints of the upper limb (shoulder, elbow, wrist and carpometacarpal joint of the thumb).
  • Know common sites of dislocations of these joints.

Lecture

  • Components and types of the main joints of the upper limb and their movement.
  • Common sites of dislocations of these joints.

Practical

Demonstration of the main joints of the upper limb.

  

8. Articular System: Joints of the Lower Limb:

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Identify the main joints of the lower limb (hip, knee, ankle, subtalar and sacroiliac).
  • Know common sites of dislocations.

      Lecture

  • Components and types of the main joints of the lower limb and their movement.
  • Common sites of dislocations.

Practical

Demonstration of the main joints of the lower limb.

  

 9. Muscular System: Muscles of The Face, Scalp, Mastication & Sternomastoid.

       Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Know the scalp, main muscles of the face, eye, mastication, tongue & sternomastoid.
  • Know clinical importance of scalp wounds

Lecture

  • Scalp, main muscles of the face, eye, mastication, tongue & sternomastoid.
  • Scalp wounds

Practical

  • Identification of:

Scalp, main muscles of face, eye, mastication, tongue & sternomastoid.

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10. Muscular System: Muscles Of The Upper Limb             

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Have a clear concept of the groups of muscles of the upper limb with their group action & nerve supply.
  • Recognize the important muscles used for intramuscular injection.

Lecture

  • Main muscles of the upper limb with their group action & nerve supply.
  • Intramuscular injection.

Practical

  • Identification of:

Deltoid, Pectoralis major, Trapezius, Latissimus dorsi, Biceps, Triceps, Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Flexor carpi radialis and Flexor & Extensor digitorum.

 

11. Muscular System: Intercostals, Anterior & Posterior Abdominal Wall Muscles

      and Levator Ani. 

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Know the intercostals, anterior and posterior abdominal wall muscles and levator ani.
  • Understand different varieties of hernias.
  • Understand the role of levator ani in supporting the pelvic viscera.

Lecture

  • Intercostals, anterior & posterior abdominal wall muscles with their nerve supply and action.
  • Various hernias.
  • Role of levator ani in supporting the pelvic viscera.

Practical

  • Identification of:

External oblique, Internal oblique, Transversus abdominis & Rectus abdominis.

 

12. Muscular System: Muscles Of The Lower Limb. 

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Have a clear concept of the groups of muscles of the lower limb with their group action & nerve supply.
  •  Recognize the important muscles used for intramuscular injection.

Lecture

  • Main muscles of the lower limb with their group action & nerve supply.
  • Intramuscular injection.

Practical

  • Identification of:

 Gluteus  maximus, Quadriceps, Gastrocnemius, Soleus.

 

13. Cardiovascular System: Heart, Conducting System.  

      Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

       Know the anatomical structure of the heart

     Lecture

  • Heart:

o       Surfaces & borders.

o       Chambers.

o       Big vessels arise or end in the heart.

o       Valves.

o       Blood supply.

o       Conducting system.

o       Cardiac ischemia, cardiac infarction & valvular diseases.

Practical

  • Heart: surfaces, apex, chambers, coronary arteries, coronary sinus.

 

    14. Cardiovascular System: Important Arteries of The Body.

Objectives

  • Know the main arteries of the body.

Lecture

  • Main arteries in:

o       Thorax.

o       Upper and Lower limbs.

o       Head & Neck.

o       Abdomen & Pelvis.

Practical

  • Aorta: division, branches.
  • Pulmonary Trunk.
  • Major arteries of upper limb: axillary, brachial, radial & ulnar arteries.
  • Major arteries of lower limb: femoral, popliteal, anterior & posterior tibial arteries.

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 15. Cardiovascular System: Important Veins of The Body.

 Objectives

  • Know the main veins of the body.
  • Recognize the important superficial veins which are used for intravenous injections and the important cranial venous sinuses.    

Lecture

  • Superficial veins which are used for intravenous injection.
  • Major veins in:

o       Thorax.

o       Upper and Lower limbs.

o       Head & Neck.

o       Abdomen & Pelvis.

Practical

  • Superior vena cava.
  • Inferior vena cava.
  • Main veins in neck, upper limb & lower limb.
  • Main superficial veins in upper and lower limbs (cephalic, basilic, median cubital vein & great saphenous veins).

  

16.       Respiratory System: Thoracic cage, Respiratory Movements, Nose, Paranasal Air Sinuses & Larynx. 

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Have a complete orientation of the thoracic cage.

§         Understand the mechanism of respiration.

§         Understand the anatomy of the nose, paranasal air sinuses & larynx.  

Lecture

§         Nasal cavity.

§         Pharynx.

§         Larynx.

Practical

§         Sagittal section of nasal cavity, pharynx & larynx.

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17. Respiratory System: Trachea, Bronchial tree, Lungs & Pleura. 

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Have a complete orientation of respiratory tree.

§         Understand the anatomy of the lungs &pleura.

Lecture

§         Trachea.

§         Bronchial tree.

§         Lungs & pleura.

§         Foreign bodies in respiratory airway.

§         Some clinical conditions related to lung and pleura.

Practical.

§         Trachea & principal bronchi.

§         Lungs: side, fissures, lobes, hilum, difference between right and left lungs and main impressions.

 

17.       Digestive System: Mouth, Tongue, Teeth, Pharynx, Esophagus &

        Stomach.

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Understand the anatomical structure of the mouth, tongue, teeth, pharynx, esophagus & stomach.

§         Understand the common clinical conditions related to the esophagus & stomach.

Lecture

§         Mouth cavity & tongue.

§         Peritoneum.

§         Pharynx, esophagus & stomach.

§         Common clinical conditions related to esophagus & stomach.

Practical

§         Tongue.

§         Sagittal section of pharynx.

§         Esophagus & stomach.

 

19. Digestive System: Small and Large Intestines

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Know the differences between small & large intestines.

Lecture

§         Small & large intestines.

§         Difference between small and large intestines.

§         Common clinical conditions related to the intestine.

Practical

§         Small intestine: different parts.

§         Large intestine: different parts.

 

20. Digestive System: Accessory organs & Extrahepatic Biliary Apparatus.

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Know the main anatomical structure of the accessory organs ( liver, pancreas & salivary glands).

Lecture

§         Digestive glands (liver, pancreas & salivary glands).

§         Extra hepatic biliary apparatus.

§         Blood supply.

§         Common clinical conditions related to liver.

 

Practical.

§         Pancreas.

§         Liver: lobes, impressions, gall bladder.

§         Salivary glands

 

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21. Urinary System

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Know the anatomical structure of urinary tract.           

            Lecture

§         Kidneys: site, side, coverings, main relations, hilum, sagittal section, blood supply.

§         Ureters: course, sites of constrictions and its clinical importance.

§         Urinary bladder: position, openings, main relations.

§         Urethra: male and female.

            Practical

§         Kidney: surfaces, hilum.

o       Ureter & Urinary bladder.

 

 

22.   Male Genital System

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Know the anatomical structure of the male genital system.

Lecture

§         Scrotum

§         Testes, epididymis, vas deferens & spermatic cord.

§         Seminal vesicles & prostate.

Practical

§         Testis, epididymis & spermatic cord.

§         Seminal vesicles & prostate.

 

 

23.  Female Genital System

Objectives

After this session, the students should be able to:

§         Know the anatomical structure of female genital system.

Lecture

§         Ovaries.

§         Uterine tubes.

§         Uterus: parts, position, support, blood supply.

§         Vagina.

Practical

§         Ovaries.

§         Uterine tubes & uterus

§         Vagina.

 

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24. Lymphatic System

Objectives

After this session, the students should be able to:

§         Understand the lymphatic system.

§         Know the lymphatic drainage of the main organs in he body.

Lecture

§         Lymph vessels & groups of lymph nodes.

§         Tonsils &  thymus

§         Spleen.

§         Lymphatic drainage of: breast, tongue, tonsils and main organs of the body.

Practical

§         Tonsils.

§         Spleen.

§         Tongue.

 

 

25.  Endocrine System

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  •  Know the location and main anatomical structure of major endocrine glands of the body.

Lecture

  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid & parathyroid glands.
  • Suprarenal glands.
  • Pancreas.

Practical

  • Thyroid.
  • Suprarenal glands.
  • Pancreas.

 

26.  Nervous System: Meninges, Cerebrum  

      Objectives

  • After this session, the student should be able to:
  • Know major components of nervous system: CNS, PNS & ANS.
  • Know the main dural folds & its functional importance.
  • Understand the main anatomical features of cerebrum & its functional importance.

Lecture

  • Different components of the nervous system.
  • Meninges.
  • Cerebral Hemispheres.
  • Diencephalon.
  • Blood supply.
  • Lesion of the main functional areas of the brain.

 

Practical

  • Dura mater, main folds & main cranial venous sinuses.
  • Cerebral hemisphere: Poles, surfaces, borders, lobes & main sulci and gyri.
  • Main arteries.

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27.  Nervous System: Brain Stem, Cerebellum & Ventricular System

 Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Know the major anatomical features of the brain stem &  cerebellum
  • Understand the function of the cerebellum.
  • Understand the ventricular system & CSF circulation.

Lecture

  • Brain Stem.
  • Cerebellum & its main arterial supply
  • Ventricular system & CSF & hydrocephalus

Practical

  • Brain Stem
  • Cerebellum & ventricular system.

 

28. Nervous System: Spinal Cord, Cranial and Spinal Nerves 

Objectives

After this session, the student should be able to:

  • Know the anatomical structure of the spinal cord.
  • Understand the arrangement of a typical spinal nerve.
  • Know the cranial nerves, their main distribution & function.
  • Understand the effect of lesions of spinal nerve & some of the major cranial nerves

Lecture

  • Spinal cord &arrangement of typical spinal nerve.
  • Peripheral nervous system.
  • Blood supply.
  • Effect of lesions of a spinal nerve & some of the major cranial nerves.

Practical

·        Spinal cord, Filum terminal & cauda equina.

·        Major cranial nerves.

 

29.  Nervous System: Brachial, Lumbar & sacral plexuses, Intercostal nerves  And

  Auotonomic Nervous System.

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Understand the formation of the plexuses.

§         Know the main branches of the plexuses, their main distribution & effects of their lesions.

§         Understand sympathetic & parasympathetic outflow, sympathetic chain & associated ganglia.

Lecture

§         Brachial, lumbar & sacral plexuses.

§         Intercostal nerves.

§         Autonomic nervous system.

Practical

§         Brachial plexus & its main branches:  “radial, axillary, median, ulnar & musculocutaneous nerves”.

§         Main branches of lumbar plexus “femoral & obturator nerves.

§         Sciatic, common peroneal & tibial nerves.

§         Sympathetic chain.

 

30. Special Senses

      Objectives

      After this session, the student should be able to:

§         Know the anatomical structure of special sense organs.

Lecture

§         Eye: orbit & its contents (lacrimal apparatus, muscles, nerves), structure of the eye ball.

§         Ear: External ear, middle ear, inner ear.

Practical

§         Plastic model of the eye.

§         Plastic model of the ear.

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